Arrivals from Ukraine in Ireland Series 7

Editor's Note

In response to the situation, the CSO provides statistics related to the Ukrainian crisis to an inter-Departmental group called the Senior Officials Group. The statistics include a weekly Department of Social Protection (DSP) extract which the CSO receives every Monday.  Some of the aggregate data provided to the Group this week features in the release issued today (14 November 2022). This release is also a follow-up to Arrivals from Ukraine in Ireland Series 6.

As well as the strict legal protections set out in the Statistics Act, 1993, and other existing regulations, the CSO is committed to protecting individual privacy and all identifiable information from each of the data sources used in our analysis, such as name, date of birth and addresses, are removed before use and only anonymised statistical aggregates are produced. For further information on the data sources, linking procedures and definitions of this report, see Background Notes.

The Temporary Protection Directive (2001/55 EC) was activated on the 04 March 2022 by EU Council Decision EU 2022/382, to provide immediate protection in EU countries for people displaced by the Russian invasion of Ukraine that began on the 24 February 2022.  This publication examines and analyses the population cohort that availed of the temporary protection and received a PPSN. Therefore, the figures quoted should be interpreted as estimates of the numbers arriving from Ukraine. For example, the number of persons who have arrived from Ukraine may not have received a PPSN yet, while the figures may also include those who received a PPSN earlier in the crisis but who are no longer resident in the State.

To avail of the Temporary Protection Directive and to reside in Ireland, an Arrival from Ukraine must meet the following criteria:

a) A Ukrainian national who was residing in Ukraine before 24 February 2022.

b) A national of a third country (other than Ukraine) or stateless person who would have benefited from international protection (for example: Refugee Status) or an equivalent national protection status in Ukraine and were residing there before 24 February 2022.

c) A family member* of persons covered by a) and b) above, where the family already existed in Ukraine at the time of events leading to the mass influx prior to 24 February 2022

*Family members include a spouse or partner, unmarried minor children of either of them, and their other close dependent family relatives who have been living with them as part of the family unit.

Temporary protection also applies to people who were residing in Ukraine before 24 February 2022 with a permanent Ukrainian residence permit, who cannot safely return to their country of origin.

Note the relationship table included in previous publications of the Arrivals from Ukraine in Ireland series is not part of this publication. An experimental methodology was derived to determine relationships between arrivals but the methodology is currently under review.

Tables and Maps

Figure 1 shows the total cumulative number of arrivals (based on PPSN allocations) from Ukraine to Ireland for the week ending 06 November 2022 was 62,425. This is a 2% increase compared to the cumulative count one week earlier and a 9% increase compared to four weeks earlier. 

Based on the 62,425 arrivals, 94% or 58,829 individuals could be mapped to an LEA. The LEA mapping of arrivals is based on either the local post office address through which refugees were seeking assistance from the Department of Social Protection or, if available, the arrivals' residential address where an Accommodation Recognition Payment (ARP) is payable to the host of the residence. The post office address is used as a tentative proxy for place of residence where ARP data is not present. Map 1 presents the count for the week ending 06 November 2022 by LEA for the 58,829 mapped records. LEAs with lighter colours correspond with lower counts while the darker areas correspond with LEA with higher counts. Users can hover their mouse over the map to see the name of the LEA and the associated count. Users can also zoom in on the map to see some of the LEAs that are smaller in geographical area. 

Table 2 shows the age and sex breakdown of arrivals as of 06 November 2022. We see that women and men, aged 20 and over, account for 46% and 20% respectively of this cohort to date, while individuals aged 0-19 (both male and female) account for 34%. 

Again using the same approach as described for Map 1 above, Map 2 shows the arrival rate (%) by LEA (per 100 of the preliminary Census 2022 de facto population) as of 06 November 2022. The rate ranges from 0.08% to 8.88% in LEAs across the country.

While PPSN allocations give the total number of arrivals from Ukraine under the Temporary Protection Directive, it is not necessarily indicative of how many persons are currently residing in Ireland as some arrivals may have subsequently left. 

Experimental Tables 3 & 4 below give an indication if arrivals from Ukraine have stayed or left Ireland by examining activity in administrative data. Attending an Intreo event, picking up a welfare payment from a post office, getting paid for employment, having a Revenue Payroll Notification or changing ones address with DSP are taken as signs of activity. For children, the activity status is dependent on that of their parent(s)/guardian(s).

Subject to revision, 2,503 persons had such an activity in the available data during September 2022, while an additional 53,086 persons had activity in the selected administrative data sources after 30 September 2022. Combing these two groups together, 89% of persons had recent administrative data activity, i.e., activity after the 31 August 2022, also see Background notes.

The rate of administrative activity after 31 August 2022 could be underestimated as it is based on the administrative data currently available to the CSO. The availability of more real-time data to the CSO will help provide more up to date statistics in this series going forward.

For further information on the data sources, linking procedures and definitions of this report, see Background Notes. 

As of 06 November 2022, 6,918 arrivals from Ukraine are living in private accommodations, where 3,224 hosts are in receipt of Accommodation Recognition Payment for accommodating people from Ukraine. Additional information on hosts and arrivals, such as age bands and sex, can be found in Table 5.

Table 6 focuses on active welfare claims broken down by 'Working Age Income Supports', 'Child Benefits' and 'Other'. Please note that data is preliminary and subject to change as additional data becomes available, particularly for the most recent week reported.

Table 7 shows that for the 9,228 persons with earnings from employment, the mean weekly earnings in October 2022 were €377 (based on CSO methodology - see 'Background Notes'). The most common sector of employment was Wholesale, Transport and Accommodation at 52%. 

(NOTE: for official statistics on earnings data please see the Earnings, Hours and Employment Costs Survey (EHECS) and Earnings Analysis using Administrative Data Sources 2020 (EAADS).) 

Table 8 shows changes in employments, where a person can have more than one employment.

Since 11 April 2022, Intreo Public Employment Services (of the DSP) have been arranging employment support events for arrivals from Ukraine and, as of 06 November 2022, those events have been attended by 22,441 arrivals.

The previous occupation of those arrivals from Ukraine are shown in Table 9. ‘Professionals’ were the largest broad group among the classification listed of the 14,555 persons having recorded work history, with 32% (or 4,601 persons).

Of the persons that attended Intreo events, 69% were noted with English language proficiency being a challenge in securing employment, see Table 10.

Of the 17,394 persons where the highest level of education was recorded, 66% had achieved an NFQ level equivalent to 7 or higher, see Table 11.

Table 12 shows that as of 01 November 2022, 12,544 arrivals from Ukraine have enrolled in schools in the academic year 2022/23, with 63% of these in primary schools and the remaining 37% in secondary schools. Dublin has the highest number of children enrolled in schools at 1,905 while Monaghan had the lowest at 50. 

Table 13a focuses on primary school enrolments by classes while Table 13b provides a breakdown on secondary school enrolments by year within the junior and senior cycles.

In this release, of the 12,544 arrivals from Ukraine that enrolled in schools, 1,404 had their PPSN registered on or after the 08 August 2022 and were successfully linked to Department of Social Protection administrative data using a pseudonymised Protected Identifier Key (PIK). For further information on the data sources, linking procedures and definitions of this report, see Background Notes. Table 14 shows that  average time between the allocation of a PPSN on or after the 08 August 2022 to enrolment in primary or secondary school was just over two weeks. 

Table 15 shows a breakdown of the school enrolments by age as of 01 November 2022.

Table 16 shows there were 8,618 arrivals enrolled in further education and training courses on the 01 November, of which 7,417 enrolled in further education English language courses.