Type of ownership indicates whether an enterprise is domestic or foreign controlled. A domestic enterprise is defined as either domestic indigenous or as domestic multinational (with foreign control of less than 50%). A foreign controlled multinational enterprise (MNE) is defined as having foreign control of more than 50%. A high proportion of foreign controlled services enterprises generally represent a globalised economy which is well integrated in international markets.
| Domestic | Foreign | |
| Exports | 47.165318 | 182.987349 |
| Imports | 43.8473 | 291.868679 |
Foreign controlled enterprises dominated both service exports and imports in 2019, exporting €183bn (80%) and importing €292bn (87%) of total services. The remaining €47bn (20%) of service exports and €44bn (13%) of service imports were provided by domestic enterprises. See figure 5.1
| Domestic | Foreign | |
| Manufacturing (C) | 7.49560464576324 | 8.12680697721396 |
| Information & Communication (J) | 0 | 52.7468491164606 |
| Financial & Insurance (K) | 7.24405335698326 | 6.77568902558057 |
| Other Activities (Oth) | 5.7533993294981 | 11.8575975485003 |
Foreign controlled enterprises in the Information and Communications sector (J) accounted for €121bn (53%) of total service exports, with 17% exported to EU and 36% exported to non-EU countries, of which 6% were exported to UK and 5% exported to the US. There were no registered domestic controlled enterprises exporting services in the Information and Communication sector (J). Foreign controlled enterprises in the Financial and Insurance Sector (K) represented €16bn (7%) of total exports while in Manufacturing (C) and other sectors they represented €19bn and €27bn (8% and 12%) of total exports respectively.
Domestic enterprises in the Manufacturing sector (C) accounted for €17bn (8%) of total services exports, with 3% exported to the EU and 5% exported to non-EU countries. Domestic enterprises in the Financial & Insurance sector (K) represented €17bn (7%) of total services exports while domestic enterprises in other sectors exported €13bn (6%) of total services. See figure 5.2 and table 5.1.
| Domestic | Foreign | |
| Manufacturing (C) | 6.38568264276751 | 38.8790442411441 |
| Information & Communication (J) | 0 | 38.1794427485383 |
| Financial & Insurance (K) | 4.60996466301653 | 4.75905676208519 |
| Other Activities (Oth) | 2.06518468994292 | 5.12162425250542 |
| Foreign | Domestic | |
| Manufacturing (C) | 38.7544606952405 | 10.2893365184745 |
| Information & Communication (J) | 26.8711958367287 | 0 |
| Financial & Insurance (K) | 6.45170508079943 | 4.86207280630449 |
| Other Activities (Oth) | 9.23734469931807 | 3.53388436313426 |
All enterprises importing services in the Information and Communications sector (J) were foreign controlled and they account for €128bn (38%) of total service imports, with 10% imported from EU and 28% imported from non-EU countries, of which 1% were imported from UK and 5% imported from the US. There were no registered domestic controlled enterprises importing services in the Information and Communication sector (J). Foreign controlled enterprises in the Manufacturing sector (C) imported €131bn (39%) of total services, with 4% imported from EU and 35% imported from non-EU countries. Foreign enterprises in the Financial & Insurance (K) and in other sectors imported €16bn and €17bn (both 5%) of service respectively.
Domestic enterprises in the Manufacturing sector (C) and the Financial & Insurance sector (K) imported just €21bn (6%) and €15bn (5%) of total services respectively while domestic enterprises in other sectors imported another €7bn (2%) of total services. See figure 5.3 and table 5.2.
| Domestic | Foreign | Total (where foreign/domestic split not available) | |
| Repairs & Processing | 0 | 2.049317 | 0 |
| Transport | 8.040305 | 0 | 0 |
| Travel | 5.786881 | 0 | 0 |
| Insurance and pension services | 0 | 0 | 10.269959 |
| Financial services | 13.146053 | 4.473677 | 0 |
| Royalties/ Licences | 4.935416 | 5.546068 | 0 |
| Computer & Communication services | 0 | 118.903045 | 0 |
| Business services | 12.528896 | 35.57709 | 0 |
| Other services n.e.s. | 0 | 0 | 8.853958 |
| Foreign | Domestic | Total (where foreign/domestic split not available) | |
| Repairs & Processing | 1.7378 | 0.789141 | |
| Transport | 0 | 7.225651 | |
| Travel | 0 | 4.684519 | |
| Insurance andpension services | 0 | 0 | 9.295586 |
| Financialservices | 3.725054 | 9.563229 | |
| Royalties/Licences | 4.321913 | 3.729994 | |
| Computer &Comm. services | 58.776989 | 0 | |
| Businessservices | 22.051513 | 8.040991 | |
| Otherservices n.e.s. | 0 | 0 | 1.133187 |
All transport and travel services exports (€14bn) and 75% (€13bn) of financial service exports were provided by domestic enterprises in 2019. All computer services exports (€119bn) and repair and processing exports (€2bn) were provided by foreign controlled enterprises. Foreign controlled enterprises also accounted for 74% (€36bn) of business services exports. Insurance/pension services exports were also dominated by foreign controlled enterprises (actual percentage not provided for confidentiality reasons). See figure 5.4 and table 5.3.
| Domestic | Foreign | Total (where foreign/domestic split not available) | |
| Repairs & Processing | 0 | 0 | 6.260181 |
| Transport | 4.235989 | 0 | 0 |
| Travel | 7.374789 | 0 | 0 |
| Insurance and pension services | 0.537855 | 7.823731 | 0 |
| Financial services | 13.4011 | 2.285704 | 0 |
| Royalties/ Licences | 4.927201 | 80.923133 | 0 |
| Computer & Communication services | 0 | 6.686852 | 0 |
| Business services | 11.776102 | 187.941352 | 0 |
| Other services n.e.s. | 0 | 0 | 1.500269 |
All transport and travel services imports (€12bn) and 85% (€13bn) of financial service imports were provided by domestic enterprises. All computer services imports, 94% (€81bn) of Royalty imports and 94% (€188bn) of business services imports were provided by foreign controlled enterprises. Foreign controlled enterprises also dominated Insurance/pension services imports. Repairs and processing imports were also dominated by foreign controlled enterprises (actual percentage not provided for confidentiality reasons). See figure 5.5 and table 5.4.
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