Ireland’s UN SDGs - Goal 10 Reduced Inequalities
The 17 UN SDGs are a set of global development targets adopted by the United Nations (UN) member countries in September 2015 to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all. The UN SDGs are driving the global development agenda towards Agenda 2030.
The Sustainable Development Goals National Implementation Plan 2018-2020 is in direct response to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and provides a whole-of-government approach to implement the 17 Sustainable Development Goals.
This Publication for 'Goal 10 Reduced Inequalities' has 14 SDG indicators which are divided into four main chapters: Social, Fiscal, Migration and International Co-operation.
SDG 10.1.1 Growth rates of household expenditure or income per capita among the bottom 40 per cent of the population and the total population, is published by CSO, SILC. See SILC Fact Sheet below.
| SILC Fact Sheet Glossary of Terms (Please note all values are for illustrative purposes only) |
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| Mean vs Median | |
|---|---|
| Mean: sum of all values divided by the number of values e.g. The mean of the following household incomes {€18,000, €45,000, €70,000} is (18,000+45,000+70,000)/3 = €44,333 | |
| Median: midpoint of the ordered values. e.g. The median of the following household incomes {€18,000, €45,000, €70,000} is €45,000 | |
| Real vs. Nominal | |
| Nominal income is the income amount reported at the time of interview | |
| Real income is nominal income that has been adjusted for inflation using a base year of 2012 | |
| Disposable income | |
| Gross income (which includes employment income, rental income, social transfers and inter-household transfers received) less tax (including USC), social insurance contributions and inter-household transfers paid e.g. if your gross income is €20,000 and you paid a total taxes and social insurance contributions of €4,000 then your disposable income is €16,000 | |
| Equivalised household size | |
| Equivalised household size is used to account for the number of people living in a household. The national equivalence scale attributes a weight of 1 to the first adult, 0.66 to each subsequent adult (aged 14+ living in the household) and 0.33 to each child aged less than 14 e.g. a household with 2 adults and a child has an equivalence scale of (1+.66+.33) = 1.99 | |
| Equivalised disposable household Income | |
| Disposable household income is divided by the equivalised household size to calculate equivalised disposable income for each person, which essentially is an approximate measure of attributing household income to individual household members e.g. if a household has 2 adults and 1 child and the household disposable income is €50,000, then the equivalised disposable income is (50,000/1.99) = €25,126 | |
| At risk of poverty rate | |
| This is the share of persons with an equivalised income below 60% of the national median income e.g. the national median equivalised income was €25,000 and 60% of this is €15,000, therefore if 15% of the population have an equivalised disposable income below this threshold then the at risk of poverty rate is 15% | |
| Deprivation rate | |
| The share of persons who experience two or more of the eleven listed items: | |
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| Consistent poverty | |
| Those who are both at risk of poverty and experience two or more deprivation items (above) | |
| Quintile share ratio | |
| Calculated as the ratio of the total income received by the 20% of the population with the highest income (= 1st or top quintile) to that income received by the 20% of the population with the lowest (= 5th or bottom quintile). | |
| Poverty Indicators Explained | ||
| The “at risk of poverty” threshold is defined as 60% of the median equivalised disposable income (in this example, €26,415) | ||
|---|---|---|
| 60% of the median equivalised disposable income (€26,415) = €15,849 | ||
| In this example, 2 persons (Household B) have an equivalised disposable income less than 60% of the median equivalised disposable income. | ||
| At risk of poverty rate: | ||
| 2 persons ÷ 13 = 15.4% |
(Household B) (Total number of persons in all households) |
|
| Enforced deprivation is where a household experiences two or more of the following deprivation items: | ||
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| Consistent poverty | ||
| Those who are both at risk of poverty and experience two or more deprivation items (above) | ||
SDG 10.2.1 Proportion of people living below 50 per cent of median income, by sex, age and persons with disabilities is published by CSO, SILC.
SDG 10.3.1 Proportion of population reporting having personally felt discriminated against or harassed in the previous 12 months on the basis of a ground of discrimination prohibited under international human rights law was published in the the CSO, Equality and Discrimination Quarter 1 2019 report.
SDG 10.4.1 Labour share of GDP is published by CSO, National Accounts.
SDG 10.4.2 Redistributive impact of fiscal policy is published by the CSO, SILC. See Enforced Deprivation 2019 explained below.
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SDG 10.5.1 Financial soundness indicators is published on the UN SDG Global Database.
SDG 10.6.1 Proportion of members and voting rights of developing countries in international organizations is publised on the UN SDG Global Database.
SDG 10.7.1 Recruitment cost borne by employee as a proportion of monthly income earned in country of destination is a Tier 2 indicator under the IAEG SDG Tier Classifications. Internationally data on recruitment costs have only started to be collected in recent years and there is no global database yet.
SDG 10.7.2 Number of countries with migration policies that facilitate orderly, safe, regular and responsible migration and mobility of people, information for Ireland is provided in the Migrant Integration Strategy 2017-2020 report.
SDG 10.7.3 Number of people who died or disappeared in the process of migration towards an International destination, data for Ireland is not available on the UN SDG Global Database.
SDG 10.7.4 Proportion of the population who are refugees, by country of origin, was published by the Department of Justice and Equality, Immigration in Ireland Statistics 2018, with additional information from the UNHCR.
SDG 10.a.1 Proportion of tariff lines applied to imports from least developed countries and developing countries with zero-tariff, information is available from EU trade agreements.
SDG 10.b.1 Total resource flows for development, by recipient and donor countries and type of flow (e.g. official development assistance, foreign direct investment and other flows) is published in the Dept. Foreign Affairs' Official Development Assistance Annual Report 2019 and the OECD report OECD Development Co‑operation Peer Reviews IRELAND 2020.
SDG 10.c.1 Remittance costs as a proportion of the amount remitted is published by the World Bank in the report on Remittance Prices Worldwide Quarterly (RPW) for quarter 4 2020.
For reference the population per county is based on the Census of Population 2016 data as follows:
| Table 8.1 - Population per County, Census 2016 | ||
| Number | % | |
| Carlow | 56,932 | 1.2 |
| Dublin | 1,347,359 | 28.3 |
| Kildare | 222,504 | 4.7 |
| Kilkenny | 99,232 | 2.1 |
| Laois | 84,697 | 1.8 |
| Longford | 40,873 | 0.9 |
| Louth | 128,884 | 2.7 |
| Meath | 195,044 | 4.1 |
| Offaly | 77,961 | 1.6 |
| Westmeath | 88,770 | 1.9 |
| Wexford | 149,722 | 3.1 |
| Wicklow | 142,425 | 3.0 |
| Clare | 118,817 | 2.5 |
| Cork | 542,868 | 11.4 |
| Kerry | 147,707 | 3.1 |
| Limerick City and County | 194,899 | 4.1 |
| Tipperary | 159,553 | 3.4 |
| Waterford City and County | 116,176 | 2.4 |
| Galway | 258,058 | 5.4 |
| Leitrim | 32,044 | 0.7 |
| Mayo | 130,507 | 2.7 |
| Roscommon | 64,544 | 1.4 |
| Sligo | 65,535 | 1.4 |
| Cavan | 76,176 | 1.6 |
| Donegal | 159,192 | 3.3 |
| Monaghan | 61,386 | 1.3 |
| State | 4,761,865 | 100.0 |
| Source: CSO, Census of Population 2016 | ||
Border – Cavan, Donegal, Leitrim, Monaghan, Sligo
Midland – Laois, Longford, Offaly, Westmeath
West – Galway, Mayo, Roscommon
Dublin – Dublin City, Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown, Fingal, South Dublin
Mid-East – Kildare, Louth, Meath, Wicklow
Mid-West – Clare, Limerick, Tipperary
South East – Carlow, Kilkenny, Waterford, Wexford
South West – Cork, Kerry
Northern & Western - Border and West regions
Southern - Mid-West, South East and South West regions
Eastern & Midland - Dublin, Mid-East and Midland regions
All indicators data are classified by the IAEG-SDGs into three tiers based on their level of methodological development and the availability of data at the global level.
Tier Classification Criteria/Definitions:
Tier 1: Indicator is conceptually clear, has an internationally established methodology and standards are available, and data are regularly produced by countries for at least 50 per cent of countries and of the population in every region where the indicator is relevant.
Tier 2: Indicator is conceptually clear, has an internationally established methodology and standards are available, but data are not regularly produced by countries.
Tier 3: No internationally established methodology or standards are yet available for the indicator, but methodology/standards are being (or will be) developed or tested.
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