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Output and Value Added by Activity 2021

Introduction

Measuring Ireland's Economy: Value of Output was €791 billion in 2021

Online ISSN: 2009-096X

CSO statistical publication, 18 November 2022, 11am

Table 1.1 Output, Intermediate Consumption and Gross Value Added, 2019-2021¹
			€ million	% change
	2019	2020	2021	2020-2021
Output	673,760	709,634	790,994	11.5
Intermediate Consumption	339,181	357,579	389,547	8.9
Gross Value Added	334,579	352,055	401,448	14.0
¹Preliminary figures. Output and Value Added at basic prices. Excludes statistical discrepancy. Excludes NACE 99.

Open in Excel: Output and Value Added by Activity 2021 Table 1.1 (XLS 10KB)

This publication presents Gross Value Added (GVA), a measure of economic activity, for the years 1995 to 2021 as estimated using the Output method (also known as the Production approach). The Output method is one of three ways in which GVA and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) can be calculated. All aggregates in this release are consistent with the latest Annual National Accounts 2021 (ANA21) July 2022 publication (formerly known as the National Income and Expenditure or NIE). Output method data in current prices were included for the first time in NIE18 (Table 3 published July 2019). Output method data in constant prices were included for the first time in NIE19 (Table 4 published July 2020). In addition to these Output method data, the ANA/NIE was produced using the Income method and the Expenditure method, the other two methods of estimating GVA and GDP.

This publication is part of an ongoing incremental process incorporating the Output method into the Irish National Accounts alongside the Income and Expenditure methods. The NACE Rev. 2 industry sectoral classification is used in this publication for 64 industry groups (A64), 21 industry groups (A21) or 10 industry groups (A10) as appropriate for both presentation and confidentiality purposes. The composition of the A64 group is displayed in Table 1.2 below. The composition of the A21 and A10 groups are described in the relevant tables and charts and in more detail in the Background Notes chapter of this publication.

In 2021, Output (the value of all goods and services produced) at basic prices for the total economy was €790.994 billion. The Intermediate Consumption required to produce this Output totalled €389.547 billion. Output (€790.994 billion) minus Intermediate Consumption (€389.547 billion) resulted in Gross Value Added at basic prices of €401.448 billion. The constituents of Output at basic prices in 2021 were:

Service industries (NACE 45-98) at €466.1 billion (58.9% of the total)
Production industries (NACE 5-39) at €285.7 billion (36.1%)
Construction (NACE 41-43) at €28.4 billion (3.6%)
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing (NACE 1-3) at €10.9 billion (1.4%).

X-axis label	Intermediate Consumption	Gross Value Added
Construction	19.6754377145186	8.71780441848801
Information and communication	118.29393340722	72.4726210634865
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing	6.51699108083506	4.33855495817908
Financial and insurance activities	27.0602192370301	18.971521503346
Arts, entertainment and other services	3.99719264253551	4.09766714092045
Distribution, transport, hotels and restaurants	33.7375796188022	34.7466103149116
Industry (excluding construction)	133.275568718771	152.382419150109
of which: Manufacturing	126.114237369945	147.558049423108
Professional, admin and support services	24.4603705461629	41.7750616485836
Public administration, education and health	18.2874992784879	38.9653602697346
Real estate activities	4.24208406668577	24.9798864747764
Total	389.546876311049	401.447506942536

In the Output method of estimating GVA and GDP, Output minus Intermediate Consumption equals Gross Value Added. Rearranging this equation gives Output equals Intermediate Consumption plus Gross Value Added.

In 2021, total Output in the economy was almost equally split between Intermediate Consumption (49%) and Gross Value Added (51%). This was one of the highest proportions of GVA among reporting EU Member States. However there was variation across different sectors of the economy. For example, Construction (NACE 41-43), Information and Communication (NACE 58-63) and Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing (NACE 01-03) had the highest relative levels of Intermediate Consumption compared to Output. Service sectors such as Professional, Administration and Support Services (NACE 69-82) and Public Administration, Education and Health (NACE 84-88) had the highest relative levels of Value Added compared to Output. See Figures 1.1 and 1.2.

Table 1.2 Output, Intermediate Consumption and Gross Value Added by activity, 2021

Table 1.2 Output, Intermediate Consumption and Gross Value Added by activity, 2021¹
					€million		%
			P.1	P.2	B.1g
ESA A64 code	NACE Rev. 2	Activity	Total Output at basic prices	Intermediate Consumption	Gross Value Added at basic prices	% of Output composed of Intermediate Consumption	% of Output composed of Gross Value Added

1	1	Crop and animal production, hunting and related service activities	10,247	6,128	4,119	60%	40%
2	2	Forestry and logging	198	149	50	75%	25%
3	3	Fishing and aquaculture	410	240	170	59%	41%
4	05-09	Mining and quarrying	1,030	586	444	57%	43%
5	10-12	Manufacture of food products, beverages and tobacco products	29,041	19,941	9,101	69%	31%
6	13-15	Manufacture of textiles, wearing apparel and leather products	292	155	137	53%	47%
7	16	Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and cork, except furniture; manufacture of articles of straw and plaiting materials	1,154	796	358	69%	31%
8	17	Manufacture of paper and paper products	572	345	227	60%	40%
9	18	Printing and reproduction of recorded media	605	312	293	52%	48%
10-11	19-20	Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products; basic chemicals	21,302	7,480	13,823	35%	65%
12, 17²	21 & 26	Manufacture of pharmaceutical products; computer, electronic and optical products	181,041	74,105	106,936	41%	59%
13	22	Manufacture of rubber and plastic products	2,218	1,426	792	64%	36%
14	23	Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products	2,806	1,527	1,280	54%	46%
15	24	Manufacture of basic metals	1,132	889	243	79%	21%
16	25	Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment	3,065	2,032	1,033	66%	34%
18	27	Manufacture of electrical equipment	945	470	475	50%	50%
19	28	Manufacture of machinery and equipment n.e.c.	4,044	2,421	1,623	60%	40%
20-21	29-30	Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers; other transport equipment	958	642	317	67%	33%
22	31-32	Manufacture of furniture; other manufacturing	23,302	12,882	10,420	55%	45%
23	33	Repair and installation of machinery and equipment	1,193	692	501	58%	42%
24	35	Electricity, gas, steam and air-conditioning supply	7,598	4,705	2,893	62%	38%
25	36	Water collection, treatment and supply	1,140	620	519	54%	46%
26	37-39	Sewerage, waste management and remediation activities	2,219	1,250	968	56%	44%
27	41-43	Construction	28,393	19,675	8,718	69%	31%
28	45	Wholesale and retail trade and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles	2,746	1,078	1,668	39%	61%
29	46	Wholesale trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles	31,787	16,604	15,184	52%	48%
30	47	Retail trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles	16,183	6,726	9,457	42%	58%
31	49	Land transport and transport via pipelines	5,098	2,374	2,724	47%	53%
32	50	Water transport	651	546	105	84%	16%
33-34	51-52	Air transport, Warehousing and support activities for transportation	5,038	3,288	1,750	65%	35%
35	53	Postal and courier activities	2,468	1,353	1,115	55%	45%
36	55-56	Accommodation; food and beverage service activities	4,512	1,768	2,744	39%	61%
37-38	58-60	Publishing, audiovisual and broadcasting activities	62,243	25,266	36,977	41%	59%
39	61	Telecommunications	7,666	3,985	3,680	52%	48%
40	62-63	Computer programming, consultancy and related activities; information service activities	120,858	89,042	31,815	74%	26%
41	64	Financial service activities, except insurance and pension funding	18,017	8,166	9,851	45%	55%
42	65	Insurance, reinsurance and pension funding, except compulsory social security	17,480	12,664	4,816	72%	28%
43	66	Activities auxiliary to financial services and insurance activities	10,535	6,231	4,304	59%	41%
44	68	Real estate activities	29,222	4,242	24,980	15%	85%
45	69-70	Legal and accounting activities; activities of head offices; management consultancy activities	24,602	11,371	13,231	46%	54%
46	71	Architectural and engineering services; technical testing and analysis	4,620	1,321	3,299	29%	71%
47	72	Scientific research and development	2,089	739	1,350	35%	65%
48	73	Advertising and market research	1,907	421	1,486	22%	78%
49	74-75	Other professional, scientific and technical activities; veterinary activities	1,375	262	1,114	19%	81%
50	77	Rental and leasing activities	20,408	4,992	15,416	24%	76%
51	78	Employment activities	3,911	1,436	2,475	37%	63%
52	79	Travel agency, tour operator and other reservation services and related activities	363	208	154	57%	43%
53	80-82	Security and investigation activities; services to buildings and landscape activities; office administrative, office support and other business support activities	6,960	3,710	3,250	53%	47%
54	84	Public administration and defence; compulsory social security	17,429	6,764	10,666	39%	61%
55	85	Education	12,507	1,832	10,675	15%	85%
56	86	Human health activities	19,890	7,055	12,835	35%	65%
57	87-88	Social work activities	7,426	2,636	4,790	35%	65%
58	90-92	Creative, arts and entertainment activities; libraries, archives, museums and other cultural activities; gambling and betting activities	3,038	1,172	1,866	39%	61%
59	93	Sports activities and amusement and recreation activities	1,216	481	735	40%	60%
60	94	Activities of membership organisations	2,609	1,916	693	73%	27%
61	95	Repair of computers and personal and household goods	96	36	60	37%	63%
62	96	Other personal service activities	1,124	393	731	35%	65%
63	97-98	Activities of households as employers of domestic personnel; undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of households for own use	13	0	13	0%	100%
64	99	Activities of extraterritorial organisations and bodies (not included)
01-63	01-98	All NACE economic sectors	790,994	389,547	401,448	49%	51%
¹Preliminary figures. GVA excludes statistical discrepancy.
²Codes aggregated for confidentiality reasons.

Open in Excel: Output and Value Added by Activity 2021 Table 1.2 (XLS 19KB)

Table 1.3 Output, Intermediate Consumption and Gross Value Added, 1995-2021

Table 1.4 Output, Intermediate Consumption and Gross Value Added and the percentage value change on the previous year, 1995-2021

X-axis label	Intermediate consumption	Gross Value Added
Luxembourg	75.126999030727	24.873000969273
Malta	67.2212345048425	32.7787654951575
Slovakia	60.2025281323086	39.7974718676914
Czechia	58.9693946093148	41.0305864371622
Hungary	57.3480156946667	42.6519843053333
Poland	57.1651929845483	42.8348070154517
Belgium	57.0104475322937	42.9895524677063
Cyprus	56.6441552264265	43.3560497957979
Estonia	56.306179931114	43.693820068886
Italy	54.7573622633239	45.2426377366761
Slovenia	54.3648326727109	45.6351673272891
Finland	54.3007539295563	45.6992460704437
Netherlands	53.8855635527571	46.1144364472429
Austria	53.7861459007978	46.2138540992022
Portugal	52.591576489399	47.408423510601
Lithuania	52.5168750189182	47.4831249810818
Romania	52.4411853750515	47.5588146249485
Germany	51.6957360893696	48.3042639106304
Denmark	51.5554769559705	48.4445230440295
Sweden	51.1062254069876	48.8937745930124
Latvia	50.640568265177	49.3594317348229
France	49.9956464443631	50.0043535556369
Ireland	49.2477443582407	50.7522556417593
Spain	48.8911022545253	51.1088977454747
Greece	47.7776146755172	52.2223853244828

The Output method approach will continue to be integrated into the existing National Accounts compilation process. Pending the full incorporation and integration of the Income, Expenditure and Output approaches, detailed sectoral estimates using the Output method should be considered as exploratory and transitional, particularly for the latest two years (2020 and 2021). Data in this publication are expressed in both current prices and constant prices. The ANA statistical discrepancy is excluded and the data are consistent with the unadjusted Output method and Income method data by industry, as described in ANA21 Table 6.1 & Table 6.2.

Further details, including definitions and methodology, are provided in the Background Notes.

The entire Output method 1995-2021 time-series is provided in the CSO's PxStat database.

The primary data sources for these estimates are the CSO's Structure of Business Statistics (SBS) surveys. These SBS surveys cover both manufacturing and services sectors. Detailed questionnaires are sent to thousands of enterprises each year. The Census of Industrial Production (CIP) covers NACE 5-39, the Building and Construction Inquiry (BCI) covers NACE 41-43 and the Annual Services Inquiry (ASI) covers many codes between NACE 45-96. National Accounts are grateful to our colleagues in SBS for their assistance with these data.

A number of previously confidential NACE codes are now visible in the publication. This can be seen in the A64 tables (Tables 1.2, 2.1, 3.1 and 4.1). In these tables NACE 21 and 26 are combined. NACE 19 and 20 are combined. NACE 28 and NACE 31-32 are now both separately displayed. This follows the approach taken in the ANA, published in July 2022, where the previous suppression of a number of items were lifted following examination of confidentiality across the National Accounts.

Users should note that these Output method data are presented from a National Accounts compilation perspective.

Structure of this publication

In addition to the main 2021 table (Table 1.2) presented at A64, this publication is structured into data chapters each describing a distinct theme, covering the period 1995-2021. The three themes describing the Output method are:

Theme 1 - Output
Theme 2 - Intermediate Consumption
Theme 3 - Gross Value Added (GVA)

In the Output method, GVA equals Output minus Intermediate Consumption.

A fourth theme, splitting the total Output, Intermediate Consumption and GVA into NACE sectors dominated by Foreign-owned Multinational Enterprise (MNE) and Other sectors is also included.

Theme 4 - Foreign-owned Multinational Enterprise (MNE)

Foreign-owned Multinational Enterprise (MNE) dominated sectors occur where MNE turnover on average exceeds 85% of the sector total. In this Output publication, these 'Foreign' owned MNE dominated sectors contain NACE 20, 21, 26, 27, 31-32, 58 and 62-63.

A fifth theme, describing these Irish estimates in the context of other EU Member States is included. These reflect the data availability at the start of November 2022.

Theme 5 - EU Member State comparisons

The three themes describing the Output method have a general, repeated, structure.

Proportional composition time-series by A21, charts
Value time-series by A64, table
Value time-series by A21, table
Proportional ranking time-series by A21, table
Constant price time-series by A10, table
Selected sectors time-series, chart

The A10 table at constant market prices for 2013-2021 is chain linked annually and referenced to 2020. Users should note that these chain linked series are not additive except for 2020 and 2021. As with the current price data in this publication, these chain linked data are consistent with the relevant data in ANA21 published in July 2022.

The proportional ranking tables and proportional composition charts allow us to see the relative contributions of different sectors to the economy as a whole for each item across the years 1995 to 2021.

These tables and charts allow us to look at contributions of different sectors across time. For example, if we look at the Construction (F) sector we can see that it contributed 5.9% of total GVA in 1995 rising to 9.8% in 2005. By 2010 it had decreased to 1.5% but increased to 2.2% of total GVA in 2021.

Next chapter: Output

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Table 1.3 Output, Intermediate Consumption and Gross Value Added, 1995-2021¹
			€million
	P.1	P.2	B.1g
	Total Output at basic prices	Intermediate Consumption	Gross Value Added at basic prices
1995	114,087	64,636	49,451
1996	123,034	69,518	53,516
1997	143,307	81,462	61,845
1998	169,544	96,790	72,754
1999	191,831	109,161	82,671
2000	223,420	126,699	96,722
2001	253,658	144,844	108,814
2002	272,850	152,245	120,605
2003	294,245	165,258	128,987
2004	314,755	177,326	137,429
2005	345,133	195,610	149,523
2006	386,387	223,809	162,578
2007	419,441	244,375	175,066
2008	421,615	254,280	167,335
2009	373,056	220,720	152,336
2010	350,768	198,444	152,324
2011	329,026	173,851	155,175
2012	371,690	212,998	158,691
2013	384,922	220,791	164,132
2014	411,120	232,594	178,526
2015	508,488	264,307	244,181
2016	527,369	276,475	250,894
2017	564,620	289,797	274,823
2018	629,625	323,364	306,261
2019	673,760	339,181	334,579
2020	709,634	357,579	352,055
2021	790,994	389,547	401,448
¹2021 are preliminary figures. GVA excludes statistical discrepancy.

Table 1.4 Output, Intermediate Consumption and Gross Value Added and the percentage value change on the previous year, 1995-2021¹
			%
	P.1	P.2	B.1g
	Output change on previous year	Intermediate Consumption change on previous year	Gross Value Added change on previous year
1995	:	:	:
1996	7.8	7.6	8.2
1997	16.5	17.2	15.6
1998	18.3	18.8	17.6
1999	13.1	12.8	13.6
2000	16.5	16.1	17.0
2001	13.5	14.3	12.5
2002	7.6	5.1	10.8
2003	7.8	8.5	7.0
2004	7.0	7.3	6.5
2005	9.7	10.3	8.8
2006	12.0	14.4	8.7
2007	8.6	9.2	7.7
2008	0.5	4.1	-4.4
2009	-11.5	-13.2	-9.0
2010	-6.0	-10.1	-0.0
2011	-6.2	-12.4	1.9
2012	13.0	22.5	2.3
2013	3.6	3.7	3.4
2014	6.8	5.3	8.8
2015	23.7	13.6	36.8
2016	3.7	4.6	2.7
2017	7.1	4.8	9.5
2018	11.5	11.6	11.4
2019	7.0	4.9	9.2
2020	5.3	5.4	5.2
2021	11.5	8.9	14.0
Average	8.0	7.5	8.7
¹2021 are preliminary figures. GVA excludes statistical discrepancy.

Output and Value Added by Activity 2021

Introduction

Introduction

Measuring Ireland's Economy: Value of Output was €791 billion in 2021

Structure of this publication

Contents

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