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Private Households and Living Alone

Private Households and Living Alone

CSO statistical publication, , 11am
Census Results 2022 Branding
Census 2022 Results

This publication is part of a series of results from Census 2022. More thematic publications will be published throughout 2023 as outlined in the Census 2022 Publication Schedule.

Private Households in Ireland

In 2022, there were just over 1.8 million households counted. Approximately 1.3 million of these (69%) contained families, 23% were one-person households and the remaining 8% were non-family households.

  • The average household size was 2.74, a slight decrease from 2.75 in 2016.

  • Average household size declined markedly since 1991 when it was 3.34.

  • The number of cohabiting couples without children living in private households increased by 17% (+11,516) whereas the number of married couples without children living in private households increased by only 8% (+19,673).

  • The amount of one-parent families went up by 3% between 2016 and 2022 (+4,475).

  • This growth was relatively more pronounced among one-parent father families (+8%, +2,081) than among one-parent mother families (+2%, +2,394).

Figure 2.1 Private households by composition of private household, 2011 to 2022
Table 2.1 Private households, number of persons in private households and average household size by composition of private household, 2011 to 2022

Families in Private Households Living with Other People

Between 2016 and 2022, there was an increase in almost all family households living with other people, related or unrelated.

  • The number of cohabiting couples without children living with others increased by 39% (+2,692) in 2022, with the average size of these households rising to 3.49 from 3.45 in 2016.

  • Compared with 2016, the amount of married couples without children living with other people increased by 36% (+4,732) and the average size of these households rose from 3.31 in 2016 to 3.44 in 2022.

  • In 2022, there were nearly a third more one-parent families with children living with other people than in 2016. The average household size in this case increased to 3.82 from 3.71 in 2016.

  • Among all family types, single parents were most likely to share their home with others, with 19% of one-parent fathers and 14% of one-parent mothers living in private households with other people.
Figure 2.2 Private households, actual and percentage change since 2016 by composition of private household, 2011 to 2022
Table 2.2 Private households, actual and percentage change since the previous census by composition of private household, 2011 to 2022

People Living Alone

In Census 2022, there were 425,974 people living alone. This was an increase of 7% (+26,159) since 2016 and accounted for 8% of all persons living in private households.

  • Just over half (52%) of all people living alone were female.

  • Of those living alone, 89% were Irish citizens and almost 39,000 (9%) stated they had non-Irish citizenship.

  • The highest number of people living alone was in Dublin City, 61,525 followed by County Cork with 49,705 people.

Map 2.1 People living alone in private households by county and city, 2011 to 2022
Table 2.3 People living alone in private households by sex and marital status, 2022
44%
of those aged 85 and over
lived alone in Census 2022
Source: CSO Ireland, Census of Population 2022 Profile 3 - Households, Families and Childcare

The proportion of people living alone increased consistently with age.

  • Over one-quarter of people aged 65 or over lived alone and this rose to 44% for people aged over 85 years.

  • There was a 15% reduction in the number of people under 45 years who were living alone (-14,905) while the number of persons in private households in this age group increased by 2%.

Figure 2.3 People living alone in private households by age group and sex, 2011 to 2022
Table 2.4 People living alone in private households - number and percentage - by age group and county, 2022

People Living Alone and Nature of Occupancy

The majority of those living alone owned their home either with or without a mortgage or loan.

  • In 2022, 48% of all people living alone owned their home outright (204,515); 68% of these were aged 65 years and over.

  • Around 15% owned their home with a mortgage or loan (62,529), 9% fewer than in 2016.

  • Over 16% of people living alone were renting their accommodation from a private landlord (68,910) and another 13% from a local authority or voluntary body (54,844).

  • Of those living alone in all rental accommodation, 54% were aged 50 years and over (66,959 persons) and 10% were under 30 years of age (12,565).

Figure 2.4 One-person private households by nature of occupancy and age group, 2011 to 2022
Table 2.5 One-person private households by nature of occupancy and age group, 2011 to 2022

Non-family Households

There were just over 140,000 non-family households in 2022, 8% of all private households and a 31% increase since 2016.

  • Seven in 10 of these households were made up of unrelated persons.

  • The remainder were households composed of people who had a relationship other than that of a couple or parent and child.

  • Almost 60% of all non-family private households were two-person households (79,353) while 43% were households with three or more persons (60,910).

Figure 2.5 Non-family private households by persons per household and type of household, 2011 to 2022
Figure 2.6 Non-family private households by type of household and persons per household, 2011 to 2022
Table 2.6 Non-family private households by persons per household and type of household, 2011 to 2022
31%
more non-family households
in Census 2022 than in 2016
Source: CSO Ireland, Census of Population 2022 Profile 3 - Households, Families and Childcare

Households containing unrelated persons had a younger age profile than those containing relatives.

  • Looking at two-person non-family units, 57% of those in related households were 55 years and over compared with only 23% of those in unrelated households.

  • Among two-person non-family units in unrelated households, 28% were under 30 years of age.

  • The equivalent figure was only 12% for related households with non-family units in the same age group.

Figure 2.7 Non-family private households by age of the head of household, type of household and persons per household, 2022
Table 2.7 Non-family private households by age of the head of household, type of household and persons per household, 2022

Principal Economic Status in Non-family Households

Principal Economic Status in the census measures whether people are at work, unemployed or not in the labour force. Therefore, it is recorded only for people aged 15 years and over.

  • Almost two-thirds of non-family households containing unrelated people only were headed by people at work (64%) while 12% were headed by students (11,306).

  • Among non-family households containing relatives, almost half (49%) were headed by people at work and 5% by students.

  • Non-family households containing relatives were much more likely to be headed by a retired person (27%) than households containing unrelated people (10%).

Figure 2.8 Non-family private households where the head of household was 15 years and over by type of household and principal economic status of the head of household, 2022
Table 2.8 Non-family private households where the head of household was 15 years and over by type of household and principal economic status of the head of household, 2022