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For more information on this release:
E-mail: sbs_rap@cso.ie Gerard Doolan (+353) 21 453 5130 Mary Duggan (+353) 21 453 5584
For general information on CSO statistics:
information@cso.ie (+353) 21 453 5000 On-line ISSN 2009-6518
CSO statistical release, , 11am

Census of Industrial Production

2012

Census of Industrial Production (CIP) - Industrial Enterprises 2009-2012
      Percentage change
 2009201020112012 2009 - 20122011 - 2012
Turnover - Total (€ million)109,736105,754112,300112,327 2.40.0
Intermediate consumption (€ million)68,78765,37667,70865,013 -5.5-4.0
Gross Value Added (€ million)33,67034,74238,24239,386 17.03.0
Industrial Enterprises (Number)5,0294,7825,1334,580 -8.9-10.8
Persons engaged (Number)195,542185,183188,684178,651 -8.6-5.3

Industrial Turnover remains constant at €112.3 billion in 2012 but number of persons engaged down 5.3% to 178,600

Figure 1: Turnover, intermediate consumption and Gross Value Added in industrial enterprises
go to full release

 

The industry sector stabilised in 2012 in terms of increased turnover for enterprises by a negligible amount to €112.3 billion. Intermediate consumption saw a 4.0% decrease to just over €65.0 billion. Gross value added increased by 3.0% to just under €39.4 billion. Since 2009, gross value added has increased by 17.0% from €33.7 billion to €39.4 billion. See Figure 1.

Figure 2: Number of enterprises and number of persons engaged in industrial enterprises

Number of persons engaged in industry fell 5.3% in 2012

The number of industrial enterprises and persons engaged in industry decreased in 2012, down 10.8% and 5.3% respectively on 2011 levels. The number of industrial enterprises fell from 5,133 in 2011 to 4,580 in 2012. The number of persons engaged in industrial enterprises decreased from 195,500 in 2009 to 178,600 in 2012. See Figure 2.


One sector that went against the trend of fewer enterprises and persons engaged between the years 2009 and 2012, was the Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply sector which showed an increase of 64 enterprises and 1,200 persons engaged. The Other manufacturing sector saw a decrease of 24 enterprises between 2009 and 2012, however, persons engaged increased by 2,600. 

Two sectors that experienced heavy reductions in persons engaged since 2009 were the Computer, electronic and optical products sectors down 3,800 persons and the Other non-metallic mineral products sector which was down 2,000 persons.

Computer, electronic, optical and electrical equipment share of total industrial turnover down from 16.7% in 2009 to 9.9% in 2012

Figure 3: Percentage share of Industrial Turnover by sector, 2009

The composition of industrial turnover in Irelands’ economy has changed significantly in recent years. In 2009, Computer, electronic, optical and electrical equipment accounted for 16.7% of all industrial turnover in Ireland, whereas by 2012, this figure had decreased to 9.9%. The Food and beverages sector had increased its share of turnover from 20.3% in 2009 to 23.5% in 2012. The Chemicals and pharmaceuticals sector had further increased its share of all industrial turnover from 36.2% in 2009 to 37.4% in 2012. See Figures 3 and 4.

The Chemicals and pharmaceutical sector combined with the Food and beverages sector accounted for approximately 61% of Irelands’ industrial turnover in 2012.

 

Figure 5: Turnover in industrial enterprises by size class

Small and medium sized enterprises accounted for 30.7% of total industrial turnover in 2012

Turnover for SME enterprises fell by €140 million to €34.5 billion in 2012 from €34.6 billion in the previous year.  Turnover for large enterprises rose slightly, increasing by €170 million from €77.7 billion in 2011 to €77.8 billion in 2012. Turnover for all industrial enterprises in Ireland in 2012 was €112.3 billion. See Figure 5.

Since 2009, small and medium sized enterprises (SME’s) have accounted for between €34-€35 billion, or between 31-32%, of total annual turnover for industrial enterprises in Ireland. Large enterprises (i.e. those who employ 250 persons or more) accounted for €78 billion, or 69.3% of the total industrial turnover in 2012.

 

Figure 6: Number of persons engaged in industrial enterprises by size class

Small and medium sized enterprises accounted for 50.9% of all persons engaged in industrial enterprises in 2012

Small and medium sized enterprises had 90,900 persons engaged in 2012 while large sized enterprises had 87,700 persons engaged. Compared to 2011, small and medium sized enterprises reported a fall of 9.6% or 9,600 in the number of persons engaged. Large sized enterprises recorded a fall of just 0.4% or 400 in the number of persons engaged. See Figure 6.

In 2009, SME’s had 104,300 persons engaged in industrial enterprises or 53.3% of the total employment in industry in Ireland.  By 2012, the percentage of persons engaged in SME’s had fallen to 50.9% of total industrial employment.

Large enterprises had 91,200 persons engaged in industrial enterprises in 2009, which was, 46.7% of all employment. By 2012, this number has declined, while for large enterprises the percentage share of total employment rose to 49.1%.

 

 

 

Figure 7: Turnover in manufacturing enterprises by nationality of ownership

Turnover in Irish owned manufacturing enterprises down 1.2% in 2012 to €21.0 billion

Irish owned manufacturing enterprises accounted for €21.0 billion or 20.5% of the total turnover of €102 billion in 2012. This represented an annual decrease of 1.2% for Irish owned manufacturing enterprises. Foreign owned manufacturing enterprises for the same period had a turnover of €81.3 billion, an increase of 0.2%.

Since 2009, the breakdown of turnover between Irish and foreign owned manufacturing enterprises had remained relatively constant, with Irish owned enterprises accounting for between 20-21% of total turnover and foreign owned enterprises accounting for the remaining 79-80%. See Figure 7.

Figure 8: Number of persons engaged in manufacturing enterprises by nationality of ownership

Total Persons engaged in manufacturing enterprises in Ireland down 5.0% in 2012

In manufacturing enterprises in 2012, there were 159,000 persons engaged. This figure was down 5.0% compared to 2011, when over 167,000 persons were engaged in such enterprises. Irish owned manufacturing enterprises experienced a smaller decrease in the number of persons engaged in 2012, down 3.6%, compared to foreign owned manufacturing enterprises which showed an annual decrease of 6.4%.

A continual decline in the number of persons engaged in Irish owned manufacturing enterprises has been evident since 2009. There were in excess of 90,500 persons engaged in 2009, however, in 2012 this figure stood at 79,700, a decrease of 12.0% over the four year period. See Figure 8.

 

Coverage

The above tables and figures were for industrial enterprises in Ireland who had 3 or more persons engaged. Industrial enterprises employing less than three persons were not included in these figures. Industrial production data with full size class coverage will be released before the end of 2014. It is expected that the impact of including enterprises employing less than 3 persons will be negligible as regards the industrial financial data for turnover, gross value added and related variables.

Ireland had the fifth lowest rate of industrial employees across the EU-27 in 2011

In terms of persons employed in 2011, 17.3% of all employees in the business economy in Ireland were working in industrial enterprises. Only Luxembourg (16.3%), United Kingdom (16.1%), Cyprus (15.8%) and the Netherlands (14.3%) had a smaller percentage of industrial employees than Ireland across the EU-27 in 2011.

The three countries with the highest proportion of total employees working in the industrial sector in 2011 were the Czech Republic 38.2%, Slovenia 36.6% and Romania 36.5%. See Figure 9.

Figure 9: Persons employed by industrial enterprises as a percentage of total business economy, 2011

 

This is a revised release following corrections to the nationality breakdown of industrial activity and the variables intermediate consumption and gross value added for the year 2012 only. State level and size class data are unaffected by the revisions.
 

 

Please use the following links to access Census of Industrial Production data:

Industrial Enterprises link - Click here

Manufacturing Enterprises link - Click here

Eurostat link - Click here

Local Units - CIP 2012 data for Local Units will be published in Q3 of 2014.

Background Notes

 Introduction

 

The Census of Industrial Production comprises two separate but closely related annual inquiries, namely:

 

(i)   the Census of Industrial Enterprises covers those enterprises which are wholly or primarily engaged in industrial production and have three or more persons engaged; published 2 July, 2014.

 

(ii)  the Census of Industrial Local Units which covers all industrial local units with three or more persons engaged.  To be published in the coming weeks.

 

The Census of Industrial Production is required under Council Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 58/97. The 2012 Census was taken in accordance with SI 44/2013.  

 

NACE refers to the classification NACE Revision 2 which is the European Union’s Statistical Classification of Economic Activity in the European communities

 

For further information on the NACE Rev. 2 classification of industrial activity, visit the CSO website:

 

http://www.cso.ie/en/surveysandmethodology/classifications/

 

An enterprise is defined as the smallest combination of legal units that is an organisational unit producing goods or services, which benefits from a certain degree of autonomy in decision making, especially for the allocation of its current resources.  A local unit is defined as an enterprise or part thereof situated in a geographically identified place.

 

Appreciation is extended to firms that co-operate in this annual Census. The information they provide is treated as strictly confidential to the Central Statistics Office. Direct or indirect disclosure of information relating to individual respondents is avoided in the publication of results by combining categories containing small numbers of units and suppressing figures, etc. This factor also limits the degree of cross-classification that is possible in presenting results.

 

 

Presentation of Results

 

All tables are available on the Central Statistics Office website, please see

 


Enterprises Industrial = http://cso.ie/shorturl.aspx/84
Enterprises Manufacturing = http://cso.ie/shorturl.aspx/85

 

 

Period Covered by the Census

 

Although the Census relates in principle to the calendar year, respondents are permitted to return figures for their nearest accounting year.  The end of the accounting year for all returns used falls between May of the reference year and April of the following year.  Returns which cover a period of less than 12 months are accepted in cases where businesses have started or ceased trading during the year.

 

All employment details in the 2012 Census relate to the week ending 8 September 2012.  Concerns that had no persons engaged in this week (e.g. ceased operations earlier in the year or started production later in the year) were classified as having zero employment.  In tables which analyse local units in terms of persons engaged, these are included in the lowest size class, e.g. less than ten persons engaged.

 

 

 

 

Data Collection

 

The Census is conducted by post.  A permanent up-to-date register is kept of all relevant local units and enterprises known to be involved in industrial production.  The register is maintained from the Central Business Register, administrative and public utility records, announcements in the press, business journals, field personnel contacts, etc. This register is constantly being updated.  This results in differing estimates for the total number of enterprises/local units through the dissemination cycle.

 

An ‘enterprise’ questionnaire is sent to all enterprises whose activity is primarily industrial.  The type of ‘enterprise’ questionnaire depends on the size of the enterprise.  The most detailed form (form F) is generally sent to all enterprises with twenty or more persons engaged.  A less detailed form (form C) is sent to enterprises with between three and twenty persons engaged. In previous years the cut-off point was thirteen persons engaged. In the case of multi-location enterprises, a ‘local unit’ questionnaire is sent to each local unit with three or more persons engaged which was in production during the year.  For the majority of local units, this questionnaire is the standard form L.  In a small number of exceptional cases, a single form L is issued to cover several local units operated by the same enterprise - see Scope of the Local Unit Census below. 

 

All forms are available on CSO’s website at 

http://www.cso.ie/en/surveysandmethodology/industry/

 

 

In relation to local units involved in NACE Division 36 (Water collection, treatment and supply) a W form is used.  This reflects the difference in activity type of these firms.

 

All returns are scrutinised clerically for internal accuracy.  They are compared with returns for previous years and in some instances with returns to other industrial inquiries.  Local unit and enterprise returns relating to the same enterprise are examined together for consistency.  A further set of consistency checks is carried out in the computer processing of the data.  Substantial queries arising from these scrutiny operations are referred to the respondent by telephone, in writing or via a field officer.

 

 

Industrial Activity Classification and Statistical Units

 

The 2012 results are classified by NACE Revision 2, which was first introduced for the year 2008.  A correlation table showing the relationship between headings of the old and new classifications is available on request.  Each 4 digit class in NACE Revision 2 relates to a specific form of economic activity, eg manufacture of basic pharmaceuticals products (NACE 2110).  The statistical units in the Census (local unit and enterprise) are coded to the NACE class relating to their principal industrial activity during the Census year.  In the case of local units, this is determined on the basis of detailed information provided on their production of individual products.  The activity classification of enterprises is based on the NACE codes of the constituent local units.  An enterprise that operates several industrial local units coded to different NACE classes is classified to the activity which accounts for the highest proportion of the total value added of the enterprise.

 

The scope of the Census extends to NACE sections B,C, D and E, namely:

 

Section B:              Mining and quarrying

 

Section C:              Manufacturing

 

Section D:              Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply

 

Section E:              Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities

 

The traditional category Transportable Goods Industries used in industrial statistics is equivalent to NACE sections B and C.  The Manufacturing Industries grouping includes only section C.

 

 

 

Classification by Nationality of Ownership

 

The classification is determined by the nationality of the owners of 50 per cent or more of the share capital.  The breakdown which can be provided at sectoral level is in many cases constrained by the need to preserve the confidentiality of data provided by individual units.  For total manufacturing industry, however, a more detailed nationality classification is possible. 

 

Export Performance and the Purchase of Imported Materials

 

Details are provided on value of output of industrial local units which was exported and the proportion of materials purchased which were imported. The proportions of exports destined for four major markets are also given.  These results are presented classified by major industrial sectors, NUTS 2 regions classified by major industrial sector and local units classified by nationality of ownership and number of persons engaged.

 

These analyses are based on respondents’ replies to questions asking the value of production (or turnover) which was exported and the breakdown by destination, as well as the value of materials purchased which was imported.  It must be recognised in interpreting these results that this is information that is not readily available in standard business accounts, particularly in relation to the origin of materials purchased from suppliers.

 

 

Census of Industrial Enterprises

 

 

Scope and Coverage

 

The enterprise Census covers all enterprises which have three or more persons engaged and which are wholly or principally involved in industrial production (i.e. NACE Sections B to E).

 

An enterprise is defined as the smallest combination of legal units that is an organisational unit producing goods or services, which benefits from a certain degree of autonomy in decision making, especially for the allocation of its current resources (e.g. company, partnership, individual proprietorship, etc.).  An enterprise may be a sole legal unit.  In practice, the enterprise is equivalent to a company or firm.  Within a group of companies, each individual company is treated as a separate enterprise.  The return for each enterprise relates to all of its activities and covers all local units operated by it, including those involved in non-industrial activity, e.g. wholesaling or retailing.

 

 

Estimation for Non-Respondents

 

If information for key non-respondents is available from an alternative source, for example, Monthly Production, Quarterly Statistics or Prodcom or a return for the previous year, then the record is manually estimated; otherwise a computerised imputation procedure is used. Full data for enterprises filling in the more restricted C forms is derived using a method known as ratio extension.  Ratio extension involves the application of ratios between known variables to cases where only one subcomponent is known.  The ratios are typically calculated at NACE class level before being applied, although some merging of NACE classes may take place in order to ensure that the ratio estimates are not based on very small populations. 

 

 

 

 

Enterprise Results for 2012

 

In 2012 there were 4,580 enterprises known to the CSO to have three or more persons engaged and to be involved wholly or primarily in industrial production (NACE Sections B,C, D and E).  Their total turnover was €112,300 million and purchases of goods and services amounted to €73,407 million.  Total gross value added was €38,083 million.  The total number of persons engaged in these enterprises (excluding outside piece-workers) in September 2012 was 178,651; labour costs in the year amounted to €9,107 million, of which wages and salaries accounted for €7,646 million.

 

71% of industrial turnover was classified to the following NACE classes.

 

  • Manufacture of computer, electrical and optical equipment
  • Manufacture of  basic pharmaceutical products and pharmaceutical preparations
  • Manufacture of food and beverages

 

 

 

 

 

Census of Industrial Local Units

 

Scope and Coverage

 

The Census of industrial local units relates to all local units engaged in industrial activity which have on average three or more persons engaged during the year.  A local unit is defined as an enterprise or part thereof situated in a geographically identified place.  The different geographical locations in which an enterprise conducts industrial activities are treated as separate local units.  A separate return is sought for each industrial local unit.  The extent to which separate returns are obtained in practice, however, depends on the availability of separate records in the business for the different local units. 

 

If separate details are not available for multi-location enterprises then for those tables involving a classification of local units by size (e.g. number of persons engaged per local unit or gross output per local unit) or by location (county or region) the local units are classified as non-attributable.

 

Estimation for Non-Respondents

 

Single local units are estimated at enterprise level while multiple local units attached to a single enterprise are estimated by using the enterprise return and apportioning accordingly relative to employment.

 

 

 

Comparison of Local Unit and Enterprise Census

 

 

Coverage and Statistical Units

 

The results for industrial enterprises must be distinguished from the results for industrial local units.  Despite the fact that, in the majority of cases, the local unit is equivalent to the enterprise, the use of two different units in the two Censuses has a number of consequences which must be borne in mind when interpreting and comparing their results, namely:

 

  • Only enterprises engaged wholly or mainly in industrial production are covered in the Census of Industrial Enterprises.  Some industrial activity recorded in the local unit Census is not covered in the enterprise Census because it is undertaken by enterprises which are not classified as industrial.  Such enterprises belong to non-industrial sectors such as Distribution, Building and Construction, Transport and Central or Local Government.
  • Conversely, many industrial enterprises are also involved to some extent in non-industrial activity which is reflected in their employment, turnover and other figures.  A rough measure of the amount of distribution activity covered in the enterprise results is that about 8% of turnover in 2012 for NACE Sections B, C, D and E relates to factored goods (i.e. goods resold without further processing).

 

 

Variables

 

The local unit Census focuses on the industrial process, namely the utilisation of materials, industrial services and labour, and the value of goods produced during the year.  The most important variables distinguished are, therefore, gross output, industrial input and net outputGross output represents the selling value of goods actually produced in the year, as reported by the businesses themselves, irrespective of whether sold or put into stock.  Industrial input is defined as the cost of materials, industrial services and fuel and power used in the year.  Net output is gross output less industrial input.

 

The enterprise Census, on the other hand, relates to the trading dimension, namely turnover, purchases of materials and services and labour costs during the year.  One of the main variables in this Census is, therefore, turnover, which represents the revenue received during the year.  This can be compared with gross output by means of the derived variable production value. This variable approximates closely to the value of gross output of the industrial local units operated by the enterprises.  The different treatment of excise duties and operating subsidies in the two Censuses makes comparison more difficult for the small number of industries affected by these factors.

 

The variable in the enterprise Census which approximates most closely to industrial input is intermediate consumption which is defined as the purchases of materials, industrial and non-industrial services and fuel and power less the rise (or plus the fall) during the year of stocks of materials and fuels.  The main difference, therefore, is the inclusion of non-industrial services in intermediate consumption.  In the enterprise Census gross value added (excluding VAT) is defined as production value less intermediate consumption; this is the closest approximation to net output as distinguished in the local unit Census.

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